When it comes to investing, there are a lot of options to choose from. From high-yield savings accounts to stocks, there are investments accessible to virtually anyone, regardless of age, income, risk tolerance, or career. However, these factors may influence which investments are best for you.
If you're investing for the long term, the stock market is the best investment — any market volatility will come and go. However, if you need your money within the next five years, you might gravitate toward the savings account or certificate of deposit options, which are ideal for short-term savings.
- Vanguard 500 Index Fund Admiral: This fund is the mutual fund industry's first index fund, with above-average returns and average risk.
- Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund Investor: This fund has impressive long-term returns and is ideal for investors seeking to build up the growth portion of their portfolio.
- Fidelity Strategic Dividend & Income Fund: This fund is one of the best values in dividend investing, with expenses of just 0.71% and a strong management team.
- Parnassus Mid-Cap Fund: This fund has consistently performed ahead of category peers for a long time and has done so at a reasonable price.
- Wasatch Micro Cap Fund Investor: This fund is an excellent small-cap growth fund, providing fantastic growth if you have great stock pickers at the helm.
- T. Rowe Price Health Sciences Fund: This fund provides exposure to a wide variety of health care industries and is one of the best mutual funds to invest in if you can get access to it.
- Fidelity Select Software and IT Services Portfolio: This fund is an actively managed standout in the technology sector, which has outperformed the broader market indices for more than a decade now.
- Fidelity International Capital Appreciation Fund: This fund is among the best mutual funds to invest in if you're targeting international stocks, with above-average returns, average risk, and just barely above-average fees.
- Vanguard Wellington Fund Investor: This fund is Vanguard's oldest fund, as well as the nation's oldest balanced fund, and its continued strong management and low costs put it among the best Vanguard funds you can buy.
- Fidelity Total Bond Fund: This fund is a strong actively managed candidate if you want broad bond exposure for a variety of purposes.
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
Fund Type | Index Fund, Mutual Fund, ETF, etc. |
Investment Objective | Large Blend, Large Growth, Large Value, etc. |
Assets Under Management | $ |
Dividend Yield | % |
Expenses | <co: 0,2,3,4,5>$ or % |
Annualized Return | % |
Risk | <co: 3,4>Average, Below Average, etc. |
What You'll Learn
High-yield savings accounts
- SoFi Checking and Savings: Best for High-Yield Online Savings Accounts, 4.30% APY
- CIT Bank Platinum Savings: Best for High-Yield Online Savings Accounts, 4.70% APY
- American Express High Yield Savings Account: Best for High-Yield Online Savings Accounts, 4.00% APY
- Barclays Tiered Savings Account: Best for High-Yield Online Savings Accounts, 4.50% APY
- Capital One 360 Performance Savings: Best for High-Yield Online Savings Accounts, 4.00% APY
The best high-yield savings account is the Capital One 360 Performance Savings Account, earning the top rating of 5.0 stars. The account yields 4.00% and doesn't charge a monthly maintenance fee or require a minimum balance to earn interest. This account also offers the ability to bank in person.
When choosing a high-yield savings account, the top three factors to look for are:
- A competitive APY on your money
- No monthly service fee
- Access to your money when you need it
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Certificates of deposit (CDs)
CDs are best for individuals looking for a guaranteed rate of return that’s typically higher than a savings account. In exchange for a higher rate, funds are tied up for a set period, and early withdrawal penalties may apply.
CD rates went up as the Federal Reserve raised its benchmark rate to tamper with inflation. We saw this reflected in high-yield savings accounts' APYs, too. High-yield savings accounts' rates have dropped a bit since and are currently between 4% to around 5% APY. As the Fed cuts rates, CD rates go down as well.
When choosing a CD, first focus on how long you want to keep your money locked up. Pick a CD based on that length of time and the rate will follow. For example, if you want to save up for a down payment on a home in a few years, consider a longer-term CD like a three- or five-year option and then look at what banks offer rate-wise for those specific CD terms. Shorter CD terms, such as three to six-month CDs, are a good choice for beginners who want to save (and grow) their money for a short-term goal, such as a vacation.
When comparing CDs, make sure you're comparing the same term, like a one-year CD, to another one-year CD at a different bank. With CDs, the interest rate is important, as well as considering what the minimum deposit is and any early withdrawal penalties and fees.
- Quontic Bank: Earn up to 4.95% APY
- America First Credit Union: Earn up to 4.70% APY
- Barclays: Earn up to 5.10% APY
- Capital One: Earn up to 4.50% APY
- Popular Direct: Earn up to 4.65% APY
- Vio Bank: Earn up to 4.60% APY
- Citizens Access: Earn up to 4.25% APY
- Synchrony Bank: Earn up to 4.50% APY
- Marcus by Goldman Sachs: Earn up to 4.50% APY
- Sallie Mae Bank: Earn up to 4.10% APY
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Bonds
When to Buy Bonds
The bond market has experienced significant upheaval in recent years, with interest rates rising sharply since 2022. This has made it difficult to determine the best time to invest. However, with interest rates currently so high, there is a good chance they will fall again in the future. This means that if you buy bonds now, you could sell them for a higher price later when interest rates drop. Therefore, now could be a good time to buy some bonds, particularly those with a few years until maturity.
Types of Bonds
There are several types of bonds to choose from, each with its own advantages and risks:
- Treasury bonds: These are issued by governments and are generally considered low-risk investments. They are exempt from state taxes but not federal taxes.
- Municipal bonds: Also known as "muni bonds", these are issued by local or state governments and are often exempt from federal taxes.
- Corporate bonds: Issued by corporations, these can be riskier than government bonds, but they usually offer higher interest rates.
- High-yield bonds: These are issued by less creditworthy companies and have higher interest rates, but they are also more likely to default on payments.
- Zero-coupon bonds: These do not pay interest, but instead are sold at a discount and redeemed at full face value upon maturity.
Factors to Consider
When deciding whether to invest in bonds, it is important to consider your investment needs and goals. Bonds can provide stability to your portfolio, particularly if you are a more risk-averse investor or are nearing retirement age. However, it is important to remember that bonds are not completely risk-free, and their prices can fluctuate with changes in interest rates.
Additionally, it is crucial to be aware of the fees associated with bonds, such as management fees and expense ratios, as these can eat into your returns. It is also important to note that while some people buy and hold bonds for the long term, others trade them more frequently to take advantage of changes in interest rates.
Recommended Bond Funds
- Vanguard Intermediate-Term Bond (BIV): This ETF has an expense ratio of just 0.04% and a yield of 5.1%. The fund invests in a mix of US Treasury and corporate bonds, all of which are investment-grade (rated BBB or higher).
- SPDR Portfolio Aggregate Bond (SPAB): This ETF has a slightly higher yield of 4.75% and a lower expense ratio of 0.03%. It also invests in a mix of US Treasury and investment-grade corporate bonds, but with a slightly longer average maturity of 8.71 years.
- Fidelity Intermediate Bond (FTHRX): This managed mutual fund has a higher expense ratio of 0.45%, but its management team has a proven track record. The fund has a yield of 4.96% and has performed well over the past 12 months, even as interest rates have risen.
Final Thoughts
While there are risks and complexities associated with investing in bonds, they can be a valuable addition to your portfolio, particularly if you are seeking a more stable and reliable source of income. As always, it is important to do your own research and consult with a financial advisor before making any investment decisions.
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Money market mutual funds
Money market funds are mutual funds that invest in government securities, certificates of deposit, commercial paper of companies, and other highly liquid, low-risk securities. They are not the same as money market accounts, which are a type of savings account. Money market funds are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), whereas money market accounts are.
Money market funds are intended to offer investors high liquidity and very low risk. They are also called money market mutual funds and are insured by the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC). They can be used as a place to park money temporarily before investing elsewhere or making an anticipated cash outlay.
There are three types of money market funds: government money market funds, municipal money market funds, and prime money market funds. Each has a different investment profile and tax treatment.
Government money market funds invest in highly liquid, government-backed assets such as cash, short-term US government debt, and repurchase agreements backed by government debt. Income from these funds is subject to federal income tax unless held in a tax-advantaged account.
Municipal money market funds, also known as tax-free money market funds, invest in short-term municipal debt. The income generated is exempt from federal income taxes and may also be exempt from state income taxes, depending on the fund and the investor's state of residence.
Prime money market funds invest in short-term corporate debt rather than government debt. The income generated is fully taxable unless held in a tax-advantaged account.
Money market funds are a safe investment option, but they offer lower returns than bonds and substantially lower returns than stocks. They are typically used as a place to store cash, either by investors waiting for investment opportunities or by older investors who value safety over growth.
When choosing a money market fund, investors should consider the type of fund, the fund's yield, fees, and expense ratios.
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Mutual funds
Advantages of Mutual Funds
- Professionally Managed: Your money is managed by professional money managers with years of investing experience.
- Liquidity: Mutual funds offer superior liquidity compared to some other investment instruments as you can buy and sell them anytime.
- Performance: Historically, mutual fund returns have been higher than the returns delivered by other traditional investment options.
- Low Minimum Investment: You can start investing in mutual funds with a small amount, such as ₹500 or $1,000.
- Diversification: Mutual funds invest in a basket of stocks, bonds, etc., so you can own a diversified portfolio even with a small investment amount, which helps reduce risk.
- Regulation: Mutual fund schemes are regulated by entities like the SEBI in India, ensuring transparent processes and protecting investors' interests.
Types of Mutual Funds
- Equity Funds: These funds invest a majority of their assets in stocks and can be further categorized based on the market cap of the stocks, such as large-cap, mid-cap, or small-cap funds.
- Debt Funds: Debt funds generate returns by lending money to corporates and governments by buying their debt papers. They can be classified based on their lending period and credit quality.
- Hybrid Funds: These funds invest in a mix of asset classes, including equity, debt, or gold. They can be further categorized based on their allocation across asset classes, such as equity-focused or balanced funds.
How to Choose a Mutual Fund
When selecting a mutual fund, there are several factors to consider:
- Goals and Risk Tolerance: Identify your investment goals and risk tolerance. Are you investing for long-term capital gains or current income? Can you accept dramatic swings in portfolio value, or do you prefer a more conservative approach?
- Time Horizon: Consider how long you plan to hold the investment. Mutual funds have sales charges, so an investment horizon of at least five years is ideal to mitigate the impact of these charges.
- Active vs. Passive Management: Decide between actively managed funds, which have portfolio managers making investment decisions, and passively managed funds (index funds) that track a benchmark index. Actively managed funds typically have higher fees.
- Fund Performance and History: Evaluate the fund's past performance and returns, but keep in mind that past performance does not guarantee future results. Look for funds with consistent, long-term returns that have outperformed their benchmark and peer funds.
- Fund Manager: Review the fund manager's track record and their performance during market rises and corrections.
- Expense Ratio: Compare the expense ratios of different funds, as higher fees will eat into your returns. Choose funds with lower expense ratios whenever possible.
- Tax Implications: Understand the tax implications of investing in mutual funds, including capital gains taxes and dividend taxes.
Examples of Mutual Funds to Invest In
U.S. Mutual Funds
- Vanguard Wellington Fund (VWELX)
- Fidelity 500 Index (FXAIX)
- Fidelity ZERO International Index (FZILX)
- Vanguard Total Stock Market Index Fund (VTSAX)
- Dodge & Cox Income Fund (DODIX)
- Manning & Napier High Yield Bond W (MHYWX)
Indian Mutual Funds
- Nippon India Small Cap Fund
- HDFC Mid-Cap Opportunities Fund
- ICICI Prudential BHARAT 22 FOF Scheme
- JM Aggressive Hybrid Fund
- ICICI Prudential Equity & Debt Fund
Index Funds
- Fidelity ZERO Large Cap Index (FNILX)
- Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO)
- SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (SPY)
- IShares Core S&P 500 ETF (IVV)
- Shelton NASDAQ-100 Index Direct (NASDX)
- Invesco QQQ Trust ETF (QQQ)
- Vanguard Russell 2000 ETF (VTWO)
- Vanguard Total Stock Market ETF (VTI)
- SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust (DIA)
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Frequently asked questions
The best funds to invest in for the long term are those that offer broad market exposure, low fees, and strong performance. Some examples include:
- Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO)
- SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (SPY)
- iShares Core S&P 500 ETF (IVV)
The best funds to invest in for the short term are those that offer capital preservation and low volatility. Some examples include:
- High-yield savings accounts
- Certificates of deposit (CDs)
The best funds to invest in for income are those that offer high dividend yields. Some examples include:
- Vanguard Dividend Appreciation (VIG)
- Invesco S&P 500 GARP ETF (SPGP)