Commercial paper is a short-term, unsecured debt instrument issued by corporations to finance short-term liabilities such as payroll, accounts payable, and inventories. It is typically issued at a discount from face value and reflects prevailing market interest rates. The maturity of commercial paper ranges from a few weeks to 270 days, with an average of around 30 days.
On the other hand, a cash flow statement is one of the three main financial statements that tracks the inflow and outflow of cash, providing insights into a company's financial health and operational efficiency. It includes cash flow from three areas: operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities.
Therefore, commercial paper is considered a cash flow from investing activity as it involves the purchase or sale of assets, loans made to vendors or received from customers, or any payments related to mergers and acquisitions.
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
Type of Instrument | Short-term debt instrument |
Issued By | Corporations, financial institutions |
Purpose | To finance short-term liabilities, such as payroll, accounts payable, and inventories |
Maturity | 1-270 days |
Denominations | $100,000 or more |
Interest Rate | Fixed |
Collateral | Unsecured |
Credit Rating | High |
Investors | Institutional investors, such as money market funds, corporate treasurers, banks, and other financial institutions |
Registration | Exempt from registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) |
Advantages | Cost-effective, simple means of financing, lower interest rates for issuers |
Disadvantages | Default risk, not suitable for smaller investors due to large denominations |
What You'll Learn
Commercial paper is a short-term debt instrument
Commercial paper is commonly used by companies to finance their short-term obligations, such as payroll, payables, inventories, and other liabilities. The maturities of commercial paper typically range from one to 270 days, with an average of around 30 days. This short maturity means that commercial paper is exempt from registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
Commercial paper is often sold at a discount to its face value, making it a cheaper alternative to other forms of borrowing. The difference between the face value at maturity and the investor's discounted purchase price is the investor's profit. Commercial paper is also easier to deal with than the time and effort involved in getting a business loan.
Commercial paper is typically issued by large, financially stable companies with good credit ratings. These companies can easily find buyers without offering a substantial discount on the debt issue. Financial companies comprise approximately three-quarters of all commercial paper issuance.
Commercial paper can be issued in two ways. Corporations can market the securities directly to buy-and-hold investors, such as money market funds. Alternatively, the commercial paper can be sold to a dealer who then sells the paper on the market. Dealers include large securities firms and subsidiaries of bank-holding companies.
Overall, commercial paper is a short-term debt instrument that provides corporations with a cost-effective and flexible way to raise funds for short-term liabilities.
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It is issued by corporations to finance short-term liabilities
Commercial paper is a short-term, unsecured debt instrument issued by corporations to finance short-term liabilities. It is typically used to finance short-term liabilities such as payroll, accounts payable, and inventories. Commercial paper is usually issued by large, financially stable corporations with strong credit ratings. The maturity of commercial paper ranges from one to 270 days, with an average of around 30 days.
Commercial paper is issued to cover short-term financial obligations and meet short-term cash needs. It is commonly used to finance payrolls, payables, inventories, and other short-term liabilities. By issuing commercial paper, corporations can avoid the hurdles and expense of applying for and securing continuous business loans. It is a convenient financing method that is quicker and more flexible than traditional loans.
Commercial paper is sold at a discount to its face value, rather than paying cash interest. This means that the difference between the face value at maturity and the investor's discounted purchase price is the investor's profit. Commercial paper is also usually issued at a discount from the prevailing market interest rates, making it a cheaper alternative to other forms of borrowing.
The primary risk associated with commercial paper is credit risk, as it is an unsecured debt instrument. If the issuing company goes bankrupt, investors may not have recourse to receive funds. However, commercial paper is typically issued by large corporations with high credit ratings, so there is trust in the market that they will repay the debt.
Overall, commercial paper is a widely used financing tool for corporations, providing a cost-effective and flexible way to raise short-term capital.
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Commercial paper is sold at a discount to its face value
Commercial paper is a short-term debt instrument issued by corporations to finance short-term liabilities such as payroll, accounts payable, and inventories. It is typically issued at a discount from its face value, with maturities ranging from one to 270 days. The minimum denomination of commercial paper is $100,000, and it pays a fixed rate of interest that fluctuates with the market.
The history of commercial paper can be traced back to colonial times, when it was referred to as a bill of exchange. It became more modern in the 1920s when New York merchants began selling their short-term obligations to dealers at a discount to access capital for near-term obligations. These dealers then passed the paper on to banks and investors, who were repaid the full par value by the borrower.
Commercial paper is a convenient financing method as it allows issuers to avoid the hurdles and expenses associated with applying for and securing continuous business loans. It is also not required to be registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) if it matures within 270 days, making it a cost-effective and simple financing option.
By issuing commercial paper, companies can access capital markets without registering securities with the SEC and can obtain funding without taking out business loans. It offers a lower risk of default for investors and provides an effective way to diversify portfolios.
However, commercial paper is typically only available to large corporations with strong credit ratings. Smaller organizations may struggle to find investors due to higher credit risk. Additionally, the proceeds from commercial paper financing can only be used for current assets or inventories, not fixed assets, without SEC involvement.
Commercial paper is usually sold at a discount to its face value, making it a cheaper alternative to other forms of borrowing. The difference between the face value at maturity and the discounted purchase price is the investor's profit. This discount compensates the investor for the lack of cash interest payments, which are typical of other debt securities.
In summary, commercial paper is a short-term debt instrument issued by corporations, typically at a discount to its face value. It offers a convenient and cost-effective financing option for large corporations with strong credit ratings, providing them with access to capital markets and a lower-risk investment opportunity for investors.
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It is a cheaper alternative to other forms of borrowing
Commercial paper is a short-term debt instrument issued by corporations to finance short-term liabilities. It is typically issued at a discount from face value and reflects prevailing market interest rates. The maturity of commercial paper ranges from a few weeks to 270 days, with an average of around 30 days.
One of the key advantages of commercial paper is that it offers a cheaper alternative to other forms of borrowing. Commercial paper is often issued at a discount and does not require the same level of regulatory oversight as other types of securities. This makes it a cost-effective and simple means of financing for companies.
The process of issuing commercial paper is also less time-consuming and cumbersome than obtaining a business loan. Companies can avoid the hurdles and expenses associated with applying for and securing continuous business loans. This makes commercial paper a convenient and flexible financing option for corporations.
In addition, commercial paper usually offers lower interest rates compared to other short-term borrowing options. This results in lower costs for issuers and contributes to its attractiveness as a funding source.
Overall, commercial paper provides corporations with a cost-effective, flexible, and convenient alternative to other forms of borrowing. It allows companies to quickly raise funds while minimizing expenses and maintaining financial stability.
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Commercial paper is an unsecured debt issued by companies
Commercial paper is a short-term, unsecured debt instrument issued by corporations. It is typically used to finance short-term liabilities such as payroll, accounts payable, and inventories. Commercial paper is usually issued by large, financially stable companies with good credit ratings.
Commercial paper is a common form of unsecured, short-term debt issued by corporations. It is typically issued for the financing of payroll, accounts payable, inventories, and meeting other short-term liabilities. The maturities on most commercial paper range from a few weeks to a maximum of 270 days, with an average maturity of around 30 days.
Commercial paper is usually issued at a discount from its face value and reflects prevailing market interest rates. It is issued at a discount and matures at its face value. The minimum denomination of commercial paper is $100,000, and it pays a fixed rate of interest that fluctuates with the market.
Commercial paper is a convenient financing method because it allows issuers to avoid the hurdles and expense of applying for and securing continuous business loans. It is also not registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) as long as it matures in no more than 270 days, making it a cost-effective and simple means of financing.
Commercial paper is a short-term, unsecured debt instrument with a duration of 1-270 days. It is sold at a discount to its face value to compensate the investor, as the difference between the face value at maturity and the investor's discounted purchase price is the investor's "profit". It is issued by financial institutions and large corporations as an alternative to costlier methods of funding.
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Frequently asked questions
Commercial paper is a short-term, unsecured debt instrument issued by corporations to finance inventory, accounts payable, payroll, and other short-term liabilities.
A cash flow statement is a financial statement that tracks the inflow and outflow of cash, providing insights into a company's financial health and operational efficiency.
Commercial paper is a short-term debt instrument, meaning it is used to finance short-term liabilities such as payroll, accounts payable, and inventories. As such, it is considered a source of cash flow for businesses.