Treasury Investment Growth Receipts, or TIGRs, are a form of bond that was issued from 1982 until 1986. They are zero-coupon bonds, meaning that they are sold at a discount and do not pay periodic interest payments. Instead, investors can buy them at a deep current discount and receive the full face value at maturity. TIGRs were created by Merrill Lynch, who took Treasury bonds held in its inventory and separated the future interest and principal payments to be sold as zero-coupon bonds. These bonds are considered very safe because they are backed by the federal government, but they also have a low rate of return compared to other investments. While TIGRs are no longer issued today, they can still be cashed out through the investment firm that issued them or from most other investment brokers.
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
Type of Bond | Zero-coupon bond |
Issuer | Merrill Lynch |
Issuing Period | 1982 until 1986 |
Basis | U.S. Treasury bonds |
Discount | Deep discount |
Interest Payments | No interest payments |
Redemption | Redeemed at maturity at full face value |
Yield | Difference between discounted purchase price and face value at redemption |
Current Status | No longer issued but available on the secondary bond market |
What You'll Learn
Treasury Investment Growth Receipts (TIGRs) are zero-coupon bonds
TIGRs were created in response to the sharp decline in interest rates in the early 1980s, which made zero-coupon bonds highly desirable. Merrill Lynch achieved this by setting up special purpose vehicles (SPVs) that would buy coupon-bearing Treasury securities and then separate the coupons from the principal payments. The principal payments, without the coupons, became the TIGRs, which were then sold at a deep discount to investors who would receive the full face value at maturity.
The demand for TIGRs and similar securities grew as interest rates continued to fall. However, in 1985, Merrill Lynch discontinued TIGRs as the U.S. Treasury began issuing its own zero-coupon bonds called Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities (STRIPS). As a result, TIGRs became obsolete, and Merrill Lynch stopped issuing them.
Today, TIGRs are no longer issued, but they are still available on the secondary bond market. Investors who hold TIGRs can redeem them at maturity for their full face value. The yield earned by investors is the difference between the discounted purchase price and the face value received at redemption.
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TIGRs were issued from 1982 to 1986
Treasury Investment Growth Receipts (TIGRs) were issued by Merrill Lynch from 1982 until 1986. They were zero-coupon bonds based on US Treasury bonds. Merrill Lynch created special purpose vehicles (SPVs) or special purpose entities (SPEs) that bought coupon-bearing Treasury securities. These large investors then stripped" the coupons from the vehicle, creating two separate securities. One was the equivalent of a zero-coupon certificate, and the other was a set of coupons that might be attractive to other investors.
TIGRs were fixed-income securities without coupons, so no interest payments were made. They were sold at a deep discount to par value. That discount fluctuated depending on how much time was left until maturity and prevailing interest rates. The discount pricing structure was based on bond maturity and the current expectations of future interest rates.
TIGRs became popular in the early 1980s because interest rates were declining sharply from the historically high levels of the late 1970s. As interest rates fell, the value of bonds and notes, especially those with longer maturities and fewer coupons, rose. This made TIGRs, as zero-coupon securities, highly sought after.
In 1985, Merrill Lynch discontinued TIGRs because the US Treasury began issuing its own zero-coupon bonds called Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities (STRIPS). With the introduction of STRIPS, TIGRs became obsolete.
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TIGRs were created by Merrill Lynch
Treasury Investment Growth Receipts (TIGRs) were created by Merrill Lynch in 1982 as a type of zero-coupon bond. TIGRs were based on US Treasury bonds held by the investment firm. Merrill Lynch created special purpose vehicles (SPVs) or entities that bought coupon-bearing Treasury securities. The coupons were then "stripped" from the vehicle, creating two separate securities: a zero-coupon certificate and a set of coupons that could be sold to other investors.
TIGRs were fixed-income securities without coupons, meaning no interest payments were made. They were sold at a significant discount to their par value, and this discount depended on the time remaining until maturity and prevailing interest rates. At maturity, the bonds could be redeemed at their full face value. The difference between the discounted purchase price and the face value received at redemption was the yield that investors earned from holding TIGRs.
TIGRs became popular in the early 1980s due to declining interest rates, which had been at historically high levels in the late 1970s. The demand for zero-coupon bonds, such as TIGRs, grew as interest rates fell. TIGRs offered investors the opportunity to buy a future guaranteed payment at a current deep discount.
However, in 1985 or 1986, Merrill Lynch discontinued TIGRs because the US Treasury began issuing its own zero-coupon bonds called Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities (STRIPS). TIGRs became obsolete as the US government's direct issuance of zero-coupon bonds removed the need for similar products from investment firms.
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TIGRs are considered safe investments
Treasury Investment Growth Receipts (TIGRs) are considered safe investments because they are backed by the US government. They are a type of zero-coupon bond, which means there are no regular interest payments made to investors. Instead, TIGRs are sold at a deep discount to their par value, and investors earn a yield based on the difference between the discounted purchase price and the face value they receive when the bond matures. This yield can provide a hedge against stock market volatility, making TIGRs a relatively safe investment option.
TIGRs were first introduced by Merrill Lynch in 1982 and were issued until 1986. They were created by "stripping" coupon-bearing Treasury securities into two separate securities: one zero-coupon certificate and one set of coupons that could be sold individually. TIGRs became popular due to the sharp decline in interest rates during the early 1980s, which made zero-coupon bonds attractive to investors.
While TIGRs are no longer issued today, they still trade on the secondary bond market. Their safety lies in the fact that they are backed by US Treasury securities, which are considered "risk-free" because the federal government guarantees them. This means there is minimal risk of default, providing stability and protection against market volatility.
However, it is important to note that TIGRs do carry some risks. As with any investment, there is the possibility of losing purchasing power over time due to inflation if the yield does not keep up. Additionally, zero-coupon bonds like TIGRs can be highly sensitive to changes in interest rates, which can impact their market value.
Overall, TIGRs are considered safe investments due to their association with US Treasury securities and the stable returns they can provide. They were particularly popular during a specific period of declining interest rates, and while they are no longer issued, they remain a viable option for investors seeking low-risk opportunities in the secondary bond market.
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TIGRs can be cashed out through the investment firm that issued them
Treasury Investment Growth Receipts (TIGRs) were issued by Merrill Lynch from 1982 until 1985. They are a type of zero-coupon bond, meaning they do not pay interest over time but are instead sold at a significant discount and, once mature, pay out at the full market price.
TIGRs are based on U.S. Treasury bonds, specifically Treasury bonds held by Merrill Lynch. The brokerage firm would separate the future interest and principal payments from the Treasury bonds and sell these as zero-coupon bonds. An investor could buy a future guaranteed payment at a current discount.
TIGRs are no longer issued today, but they are still available on the secondary bond market. If you hold TIGRs and they have reached maturity, you can cash them out through the investment firm that issued them or from most other investment brokers. If your brokerage cannot cash out your TIGRs, ask them for the contact information of a local transfer agent who can handle the bonds for you.
TIGRs were made obsolete when the U.S. government began issuing its own zero-coupon bonds in 1985, which were called Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities (STRIPS). These offered the same government backing and stability as TIGRs but did not require the bond purchaser to use a third-party broker or investment firm.
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Frequently asked questions
Treasury Investment Growth Receipts, or TIGRs, are a form of bond backed by the federal government. They are "zero coupon" bonds, meaning they are sold at a discount and do not pay periodic interest payments.
TIGRs can be cashed out through the investment firm that issued them or from most other investment brokers. If a brokerage cannot cash out your TIGRs, ask them for the contact information of a local transfer agent who can handle the bonds for you.
TIGRs are available from Merrill Lynch or other banks and investment firms that offer investment products from a variety of sources.